Self-Assessment Examination

See answer key link at bottom of page.

1. Which autoantibody may have a pathogenic role in pulmonary hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus?
   1. Ribonuclear protein
   2. Antiphospholipid antibody
   3. Antiendothelial antibody
   4. All of the above
   5. C and D
2. What may be predictive of a response to immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with lupus associated pulmonary hypertension?
   1. Cardiac index > 3.1 L/min/m2
   2. World Health Organization functional class III/IV
   3. Pulmonary vascular resistance greater than 6.6 Wood units
   4. Active systemic lupus erythematosus
3. What is NOT part of the definition of antiphospholipid syndrome?
   1. Presence on one occasion of a positive antiphospholipid antibody
   2. Recurrent pregnancy loss
   3. Venous thrombosis
   4. Arterial thrombosis
4. Which statement is FALSE?
   1. Antiphospholipid syndrome is the most common acquired cause of venous thromboembolism
   2. Chronic thromboembolic hypertension may occur in as many as 4% of patients following a pulmonary embolism
   3. 50% of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension have an antiphospholipid antibody
   4. None of the above
5. Which treatment(s) are considered standard of care for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
   1. Prednisone
   2. Vena cava filter
   3. Lifelong anticoagulation
   4. Cyclophosphamide
   5. A, B, and C
6. What is/are the risk factor(s) for scleroderma-associated pulmonary hypertension?
   1. Anticentromere antibody
   2. Low or decreasing diffusion capacity
   3. Diffuse skin disease
   4. A and B
   5. All of the above
7. What is the autoimmune disease that is most commonly associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension?
   1. Antiphospholipid syndrome
   2. Scleroderma
   3. Systemic lupus erythematosus
   4. Sjogren syndrome
   5. Rheumatoid arthritis
8. What categories of pulmonary hypertension can be seen in connective tissue disease?
   1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension
   2. Pulmonary venous hypertension
   3. Pulmonary hypertension secondary to hypoxemia
   4. Pulmonary hypertension due to chronic thromboembolic disease
   5. All of the above
9. Which autoantibody is NOT associated with isolated pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis?
   1. Anticentromere
   2. Antitopoisomerase
   3. Anti-U3RNP
   4. Anti-Th/To
10. Which statement is TRUE?
    1. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosusassociated pulmonary arterial hypertension have a better mortality than patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.
    2. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have a decreased exercise tolerance compared with controls because of a lower cardiac index.
    3. Older, male patients with lupus erythematosus are at increased risk for the development of pulmonary hypertension
    4. Patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension may have a positive antinuclear antibody and Raynaud phenomenon